Thailand: Economic Growth Achievement and Challenges

Thailand Economic Growth Achievement and ChallengesIntroductionThailand is the second largest economy in South East Asia with the population 67.7 million people (CIA 2014). Thailand economies grew at 7 per cen fourth dimension or more for 25 years, in the period of 1960-1997 with no single recession. After big crash, Asian Financial Crises in 1997, Thailand successfully recovered(p) by strong addition contributed by massive export and secluded consumption (Phongpaichit et.al 2012). Consequently, this growth can lead to increased income per capita of Thailand. As a result, gentlemans gentleman situate (2011) changes the classification of Thailand as an upper-middle-income with GNI per capita US$4,210 in 2011.However, after progressing in many macroeconomics indicators and growing importance in Asias geopolitics, Thailand experienced a mental retardation starting from 2008. The deceleration begins by Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in 2008 affects in the export demand. Then, big flood in 2011 catch up withs a lot of manufacture industries guard their production. Subsequently, policy-making uncertainty makes Thailand experienced economic sluggish down from 7 per cent and stable in medium growth come in 3-4 per cent from 2008-2011 (Phongpaichit et.al 2012). The political unrest, has a direct impact on the tourism industry of Thailand, where the number of foreign visitors went down and impacted on decreasing 2 percentage points of gross domestic product in 2010 (Time 2010). This trend of moderate growth is lower than its ASEAN counterparts like Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia as emerging economy that can grow more than 5 per cent. Furthermore, Thailand combativeness overly fallen from rank 28 in 2006 and at a time rank 38 among 148 countries in 2013-2014 (WEF 2013). To be brief, gloom in Thailand economy potentially can be in the long run if there is no change in pro-growth policies with current political volatility.The main culprit of recent decelerate of economic implementation is Thailand political unrest. This wavering situation during 2006 to 2011 creates uncertainty, although they have long experience of political conflict during a century. This is because recent coups and power changing escalation is getting worse. According to knowledge domain Competitiveness Report (WEF 2013) reveals four main hassles in Thailand competitiveness is corruption, government instability/coup and policy instability and inefficient government bureaucracy.Other vestigial cause of decreasing trend is human capital quality cannot support dynamic economic demand and subsequently slowing the growth and potential problem in the future development. After long periods Thais society has a challenge of persistent inequality of groomingal opportunity. Besides, in demographic flavor Thailand society now become an ageing society with the change in population proportion (UNFPA 2006), which is older society is getting higher percentage and a fall in the proportion of productive population which they will work and pay the tax to running the economic activity. Based on UNFPA (2006) prediction, The proportion of ranking(prenominal) citizen in total population will rise to 14.0 per cent in 2015, 19.8 per cent in 2025 and approximately 30 per cent by 2050.One most significant aspect that affects the Gross Domestic Product (gross domestic product) declining is because Thailand economy is highly impacted by external shock in large economies such as U.S and European Union. Thailand dependency on export demand from those countries make Thailand economy susceptible in international shock. Now the government needs new ideas and vigorous innovation electrical condenser to create broader market given the current dynamic global market competition.Key issue Political uncertainty, inequality of income and fostering and new capacity for global competition.Options to accelerate growthThailand current strategy with the philosophy of economy P hilosophy of Sufficiency Economy is trying to establish the growth in modest rate (OECD 2013). With that philosophy and considering recent evidence of economic slowdown and political turmoil, Thailand policy-makers have to put some change in their initial policies and institutions towards getting sufficient and free burning growth.A lot of options (but inconclusive) of strategy be provided by consensus like Washington Consensus (cite), Beijing Consensus and Commission on Growth and suppuration (Commission). Some of the Commission recipes are suitable to Thailands situation. Commission (2008) encourages countries to focus on on export promotion and industrial policy, ensuring equity and equality of opportunity and redistribution of government (to keep accountability), enhance regional development by encouraging unity not uniformity and leads to labour mobility. Next, countries should fight corruption through competition, feedback and evaluation. Additionally, economist that sanit ary known with his middle income pin down phenomenon, Kharas and Kohli (2011), suggest that in the middle income countries (including Thailand) to elevate from their level by doing some steps. First, change from diversification to specialization in production. Second, transform from physical accumulation of factors to productivity-led growth. Third, from change to decentralized economic management.The Priority Reform in increasing the equity and the quality of knowledgeIn the case of Thailand, the reform to reducing inequality of admittance of good education is the most important reform that Royal Thailand Government should implement. This reform is important because three reasons. First, to create equality and improve the quality of education is in line with the Thailands vision. Seconds, reducing the pause and disparities are critical to reduce the political instability and break the binding constraint. Third, reform in education equality is a tool for laddering middle-income economy to higher income economy in industrial development towards export.Reform in education equity policy is in line with the vision of Thailand as A happy society with equity, fairness and resilience as narrated in the Thailands eleventh Medium Term Plan. Since is well planned by the government, there is no problem in the budget. Education budget is nearly USD 14.7 billion in 2012 that constituted 4 per cent of its GDP in 2011. This number is greater than high income countries in ASEAN like Singapores that only 3.2 per cent of its GDP. With such huge figure Thailand doing good work in school enrolment of every level. Surprisingly, the tertiary education rate is the highest in ASEAN (OECD 2013). However, these decent gross enrolment rate only enjoyed by the callowness live in capital, Bangkok. Students who are living in remote and poor region cannot access education facility because the cost of transportation and other non-tuition cost. Thus, the gap between the grades of stude nts from rural and urban scopes is far too wide. Another issue is inequality between private and public schools make no incentive for the private sector to provide returnss in education. OECD estimation shows that cost of schooling in private school is two and half of public sector (OECD, 2013).In creating political stability narrowing the gap between rich and poor in access for education and health are prerequisites. In Thailand context, OECD (2013) reports that the north-eastern region is the area with highest poverty incidence while the central region and Bangkok are the lowest, two poles of political power this day that keep escalating the unrest. This binding constraint among inequality-political unrest-economic slowdown should be broken. Rodrik (1998) finds in his research in how multiple countries suffer severe after 1975 had divided societies and weak conflict-management institutions.Reform in more advance education is required for diversify new domestic demand and new exp ort demands. Advance education also important engines for middle income countries to transform their economy toward service sectors. Based on recent sources of Thailands export data shows that real contribution of goods export is 57 per cent compare to service 12 per cent (World Bank 2011) with machinery/electrical, rubber, and transportation as leading commodities (OECD 2013). With those leading commodities Thailand need to diversify into other commodities to get new market. Eichengreen et.al (2013) find that country with high level of familiarity in secondary and tertiary education has less possible face slowdowns. Similarly, countries with high-technology products have a relative bigger contribution in exports is less vulnerable trapped in economic slow-moving. Study from OECD (2013) reveals that the education index have positive influence in variables that promoting growth like total factor productivity, high-technology exports and competitive industrial performance (CIP).How to realizing this education equalization reform? At kickoff, Royal Thailand government should manage education accountability. Accountability is a key in for the first step in the mission in narrowing education gap. Thailand requires improving and sustaining an effective education system that can be monitored and evaluated. Tangkitvanich (2013) an expert at the Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI), asserts there is an inefficiency of education budget into highly spend teacher salaries post that is not translated into improvement in teachers performance. This at sea can be consequences in equality of opportunity into society.The next stage is directing education in the more skill-mismatch, coherence with agricultural and Industrial Policy. Bhaopichitr (in Parpart 2013), senior economist at the World Bank, argues that Thailand have two problems in education system. First, now Thailand faces shortage of highly handy workers. Second, the problems in allocation when high ski lled labour put in the wrong position.In the Thailand current circumstances, it may be tempting to focus the policy into short-run return. However to maintain focus policy to enhance growth in is better pay-off when calculating long-run political stability and strong human capital as a home of growth. Policies that Thais government can do is to encourage upward mobility from the bottom society, i.e poor, in northern and southern regions, invest in regional education development to make sure every citizen get the good quality of education. These reforms should be attached with is coupled reforms in school governance and incentives to promote accountability. This step more likely includes with better genial safety net programs. Royal Thailand government need to make sure their investment in education equity is a pop off policy reform that transforms the expectations and aspirations of every citizen in Thailand.ReferencesCIA 2014, The world factbook, Viewed 17 stately 2014.https//w ww.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/th.html.Eichengreen, B, Park, D, and Shin, K 2013, Growth slowdowns redux new evidence on the middle-income trap, NBER workings Paper No. 18673.Kharas, H and Kohli, H 2011, What is the middle income trap, why do countries fall into it, and how can it be avoided, Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies 2011 3 281, Viewed 16 August 2014, http//eme.sagepub.com/content/3/3/281.OECD 2013, Structural policy country notes, Viewed 16 August 2014, http//www.oecd.org/dev/asia-pacific/Thailand.pdf.Parpart, E 2013,Economists share views on Thailands biggest problems, Viewed 16 August 2014, http//www.nationmultimedia.com/business/Economists-share-views-on-Thailands-biggest-proble-30220283.html.Phongpaichit et.al 2012, Looked in the middle income trap Thailands economy between resilience and future challenges, Friederich Ebert Stiftung.Rodrik, D 1998, Where did all the growth go? External shocks, social conflict, and growth collapses, V iewed 15 August 2014. http//www.hks.harvard.edu/m-rcbg/ research/d.rodrik_jeg_where.did.all.the.growth.go.pdf.Tangkitvanich, S 2013, Teach Thais to think, Viewed 15 August 2014. http//www.eastasiaforum.org/2013/09/17/teach-thais-to-think/.The Commission on Growth and Development 2008, The growth report Strategies for sustained growth and inclusive development, Washington D.C, World Bank Publications.Time 2010, Thailand tourism devastated by political unrest, Viewed 17 August 2014, http//content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1982555,00.htmlUNFPA 2006, Population ageing in Thailand Prognosis and policy response,Viewed 17 August 2014. http//thailand.unfpa.org/documents/thai_ageing_englishversion.pdf.WEF 2013, Global competitiveness report, Viewed 17 August 2014,http//www3.weforum.org/docs/ WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2013-14.pdf.World Bank 2011, Thailand economic monitor, Bangkok, World Bank.World Bank 2011, Thailand now an upper middle income economy, Viewed 15 August 2014. h ttp//www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2011/08/02/thailand-now-upper-middle-income-economy .

High Cost Of Marriage In Arabian Gulf Countries Religion Essay

High Cost Of Marriage In Arabian Gulf Countries Religion EssayIn these solar days, many problems appear in the Middle eastern United States because of hard conditions that may face any citizen especi e actuall(a)yy after the stinting crisis that has affected every single person around the world. Some of these problems had been solved and roughly atomic number 18 still exist among us. In gulf countries many important lie withs appears before many years and become a wicked problems after the scotch crises. One of these serious bangs is senior high be of conjoin ceremony ceremony that has caused bracing-fangled(prenominal) troubles for men, women, families and the entire society.Wedding ceremony varies from one culture to a nonher all depends on the norms and traditions of that culture. For example in some cultures, the prides family pay for the wedding expenses in countries like India and Pakistan, where this would be a much unknown trait in countries like UAE, Jordan an d other GCC countries were the groom have to pay for every single detail of the wedding On the other hand, other cultures, like Europe and North America where some(prenominal) side can normally share the expenses of their own wedding. In conclusion the different in human cultures and culture values created a great remainder in the wedding traditions and ceremonies.Marriage in the pastIn the past, marriage was very truthful, a normal traditional issue and required vary unbiased requirements. And it didnt cause a big problem for the community. After all agreed on, prides mother invites all females member of her family and neighborhood to her tolerate to drink some coffee berry and show them prides cloths, gold and what did the groom bought for his pride. On the other hand, groom invites his family and friends to attend the engagement company in groom house or in townsfolk house, the served forage in these parties was fruits and some sweets. After that, the groom stands in fron t of the door to be appealed by his relative and friends. After the companionship finished, groom goes to prides family to greet them only, and sometimes he is not allowed to see his pride before the wedding party. During the wedding party, pride prepares for her wedding by putting some henna on her hands, dress a very simple dress and braid her hair. Then all families and friends were invited to grooms house to celebrate and have their lunch. The served food was rice and meat. Moreover, after all these parties, couple up used to have their honeymoon in one of their relatives house by visiting them only.In the past, family of the pride used to ask only for simple and low dowries from groom or what can he get of gold, weapons or even animals. Also they didnt use to ask the groom to get separate house or villa for his wife, pride used to live with groom and his family.Marriage issuesNow days, everything changed and become very complicated and life requirements become very hard to g et. The around important property of marriage is getting new house. Its normal to have separate house to live alone with your wife and start a new life by waiting for new family, but when the new marriage couple want to have huge luxury house, it result lead to serious issue that may face any citizen.Many marriage issues that constraint the marriage process in our society, we can mention some of the main ones as the followingSociety pressure for marrying from the same family as the known norm of the family or the tribe.The increasing embody of the dowry which is related to the family name or the cup of tea of the pride.Finding the best accommodation in terms of price, location and size. This in turn increase the initial marriage cost to a very high trend that may reach hundreds of thousands of Dirham or maybe millions which is not affordable for most of the young generation.The requirement of buying a high and jewelries which the prides familys asks for. This cost is always incr easing by comparison with other weddings happened with another wealthy family.The cost of furnishing the new house is also increasing. The requirement of the top of line new furniture and best brand home appliances.The cost of renting the best wedding hallway. This could be either a well known wedding hall or a well known hotel. The cost of the wedding activities of hiring a band and a good catering restaurant will add a dramatic increase to the cost of the wedding.The cost of the pride dress is also noticeably increasing. In some cases, a wedding dress has reached to over hundreds of thousands Dirham. enormous quantities of food also a negative behavior that make the wedding party cost more than than.The cost of the hair salon where the pride and her mates are doing their full make up and preparation for the wedding. A cost that may reach tens of thousands of Dirham.OpinionsAbdullah Ahmad Abdullah, a 30-year-old UAE national from Al Ain, has been marry for six years and has co mmon chord children.Its becoming increasingly difficult to bear the rising costs of living, especially house rent, he said.Mir Murtaza Yaseen Ali, 29, a Pakistani banker, would like a wife who whole caboodle to help shoulder the costs of running a household.I would want my wife to work because its unhealthy for a person to be unproductive and a working(a) wife would help maintain a good standard of living, he said.Hussein Al Numeiri, 22, a UAE national graduate, wants to finish higher studies.An educated couple is wagerer than an uneducated couple, he said.1ResultsIn our religion, Islam, woman has many rights one of them is to have her simple dowry for her own self. But when the cost of dowries become very high and over the normal percentage of original dowries and the purpose of wedding party become a show off party among the people in the society many negative results will appear and a lot of social problems will increase.Moreover, High dowries, high cost of living requirements , high cost of wedding party and other unimportant requirements that make the groom spend millions of dirham may lead to series of hug problem which effect ill on men, women and maybe both.The first result that may exist in society is making barrier between man and his wife by spread head hostility and hatred between them because after spending a big amount of money on wedding party, groom will face economic crisis and start to suffer and work a lot trying to pay his debts which had spent it on unimportant things. The purpose of marriage is happiness among families and among marital couples not misery for them.The second result of having unbelievable high cost of wedding ceremonies is it creates a tendency among the local single generation to find an alternative of marrying in the local society and search for a cheaper options from other countries. Single men move toward a foreign pride as a cheaper option and more affordable. The consequences are negative on the society as more maiden population is increasing and more girls are not able to find person to marry. This is a negative phenomenon that is spreading in our society and the main reason for it is the rising cost of wedding ceremonies.Third result of the increasing cost of marriage is creating a negative psychological effect on the young generation which help establish many psychic problems depression, stress, despair and sadness. Also it will bear on the younger generation to find an alternative solution through illegal relationship and affairs that is unacceptable by neither the norms nor the religion.The percentage of Dubai residents who never got married went up from 24 per cent in 1993 to 27 per cent in 2005, and of those who got married down from 74 per cent to 70 per cent.2SolutionsWe should emphasize on the issue and the effect of the high cost of marriage in our society and the dangerous results of delaying and post pond the marriage plans for the younger generation. We would like to view the religion maneuver view of this issue and remained all parents and our families that Islamic religion is against such high cost requirements for marriage ceremonies. As matter of fact, the Islamic religion direct all families to ease the process of marriage for both parties and encourage the young generation to get married at an early age. The impact in that will be extremely positive from all aspects the young generation will enter the social life in a welcome phase which will be easier for them to continue forward in their life of building their own families and contribute to the society. Early marriage will also prevent the society from the danger of spreading negative norms like illegal affairs and spreading of diseases through these kinds of affairs. The Islamic religion encourages all parents to find the value in the groom personality and ethics, which will guarantee a better life for their loved daughter. If the groom is not suitable for the pride, or the pride is not app roving him for a reason, then its more appropriate to stop the marriage. The Islamic religion encourages all levels of society to marry and produce families and grow the society in numbers and values.His highness Sheikh Khalifa did issue some regulations in attempt to control this high cost marriage phenomena in our society. The new regulation states that all the wedding parties should not exceed the check of one day only that will reduce the cost of any wedding and make it easier on all grooms to get it done. Sheikh Khalifa also legitimate more details in regard of the wedding one party is allowed for the men side and a maximum one party for the women side. The amount of the served food from the camels meat is limited to 9 camels maximum per wedding. And anyone who exceeds any of these regulations will phase a 500000 Dirham penalty, this way it will force any groom to invalidate any cost exaggeration or protect him from any high cost requirements from the prides family.The effor t are taking to correct the situation of this phenomena of high wedding cost which is new to our society, from government regulations to educating all families in our society about the negative effect of high cost weddings will help troth and take on this problem to eliminate it from our culture. The efforts have to be taken from all sides and the consequences and benefits will reach everyone among our people. The young generation will be encouraged to get married early and then enter the social life with less debt and more freedom, which will make them more contributing individuals in our society and a better individual in our communities. It will also help increase the local population and help correct the unstable demographic distribution in our society. Its a win situation.Conclusion and recommendationExtravagant weddings is one of important issues that make a big amount of people agree with it after realizing that the wedding party comes only ones in the whole life, and it mu st be a perfect party to be a special day to remember, so all of these spent money will not be spent again. This issue will not affect the bride or the invited people it will make bad sequences on the groom after lending thousand of dirham which makes him feel guilty after each person go back to his home.In my opinion, wedding party is a very special day that each girl dreams about it, and it should be a unique happy day, but it is better to have a simple wedding party without spending huge amount of money, because there are other important things to do in your starting to begin a new life in a new home waiting for new family. Also, it is very hard to all Youth to spend thousands of dirham in unnecessary things especially after finishing their studies and starting to build their life they need partner to help them to start responsible life. Our society have to fight the increasing costs of weddings by educating families and single people, and by working together against any continuo us behavior from any of the families. We should enlighten the people that wedding day is a truly very important day in any ones life, but we have to remember that life will not stop at that day and reality will hit the new family afterward, with debt and much money lost. We should restructure our way of thinking and encourage people to go back to easiness For a better future, and for a better life.

A Girl Named Lisa :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

A Girl Named Lisa I was working in the seafood department one day when I saw them...well, her actually. I wondered what her name was. She was about 13 or 14 years old, maybe a bit more, only if certainly not old enough to acquire yet, or maybe she was. She was with her family, I think...no, I assume. Her father (I assume) was the big guy with a red sash on his waist and a jacket with a yin-yang patch on the front right side of it and it was black. The jacket, I mean. Her mother (I assume) was there too, and...I dont remember anything at all about her. There was another minor there, younger than her, and I assumed it was her brother. She was beautiful. Not in the gorgeous model way or the cute puppy way but in the straighten out of beauty that just is, Platos beauty, you feel? And I dont know why or how but when I saw her I got a touching like when you know somethings going to happen but you dont know what but you can just tell but it wasnt love. Sorta like butterflies but highe r and stronger. Maybe butterflies on steroids. And the feeling stayed, sort of an anticipation. And she went away and I went to work, but I happened to look across the store towards the milk, and she was there. And she looked at me. No, not at me. It was like. . .like when youre driving over a familiar stretch of road and you know it so well that you just stare straight ahead and almost forget youre driving. It was like she knew me. It was like she was me. And then she dark down the cookie aisle and was gone. It had been over a year, and I still hadnt seen her in the store. I honestly didnt know what Id say if I saw her, but I tried to imagine it. I saw her father (I assume) every week in the store, the same red sash, the same yin-yang jacket, as he bought harvesting and eggs and bread and beer and toilet paper. that he never bought fish. And I never said anything to him, and he never noticed me or said Hi. But she noticed me. She knew me. And one day, I knew she would be in the store again, and I would see her standing by the milk, and she would see me standing by the frozen fish.

Differences in the Male and Female Brain Essays -- Compare Contrast Ne

deflections in the Male and Female BrainIt is proven that the male and female brains differ, notwithstanding can one prove that it affects the behavior? Many scientists would agree that ones behavior is determined by his/her gender. Although others are convinced that social conditioning is the cause for the differences among the male and female, it is very unlikely that biological differences play no role in behavior. The male and female brains differ not only by how they work, scarcely also on the size. For example, Natalie Angier and Kenneth Chang, neuroscientists, have shown that the womens brain is about 10 percent smaller than the males, on average, even after accounting for womens comparatively smaller body size. Three brain differences that affect ones behavior are the limbic size, the corpus collosum size, and the amount of gray and white matter.Current inquiry has demonstrated that females, on average, have a larger deep limbic system than males. Due to the larger limbi c brain, woman are more in touch with their feelings, they are generally better to express their feelings than men (Male-Female Brain Differences). Women are the primary care takers for children because of their strong ability to be connected and obligate well with others. Containing a larger limbic system also leaves a female more likely to become depressed. As stated in Male-Female Difference, women attempt suicide three times more than men, but men actually succeed three times more than women. This h...

Essay --

What makes you an grownup? Many people believe that age determined adulthood further they are wrong because age is a number and everyone grows up in different rates. You cant always expect everyone to become mature at the same age, because everyone is different. Many teens become adults smart for certain reason and some of them were not give the option they just had to too. Becoming an adult is not an option for everyone but sooner or by and by you have to grow up because you cant stay a kid forever. Being 18 years old makes you legally an adult in united states, but in reality we know that 18 years old are very different from maturity as well responsibilities and vitality experience. Age do not determined the actual matureness of a person neither the circumstance to handle situations. Adulthood is not based on age its based on emotional maturity. The ability to listen to and evaluate the viewpoint on circumstance they find themselves on and been able to crumble how to find the solution to the problem that makes them mature. Age is just a number therefore you could be twenty-six, twenty-eight and still act immature. Many teens think that as soon they 18 their parents are going to continue to help them but the true is that they already did their part raising them up. One part of growing up and becoming an adult is that parents are not always going to be there so you got to grow up on your own. Sooner or afterward he or she are going to face obstacles on their own and that would make them stronger which will help them mature. There are several attributes to make an adult an adult and number one is responsibilities because that ones part that help you grow up in biography. Part of being an adult is important to maintain pa... ... not a bad thing because you get to make your own decisions without someone telling you what to do. I know that been a kid life is simple you go to take aim come back home and do homework and that all you worried about but you never get to explore and have more adventures want adults. A part of being an adult is that you make mistakes but you always learn from the mistakes and that prevent you from doing the same mistakes all over again. What I am essay to say is good to be a kid but you have to grow up to become an adult because thats how you decide what kind of life style you want instead of your parent making it for you. I know some were not given a chance to enjoy childhood but what you got is more importance meaning that you who didnt enjoy you childhood you had a head start to become a adult and maybe do let on than other who didnt went trough your situation

Analysis of Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra Essay -- William Shakes

Analysis of Shakespeares Antony and CleopatraThe most influential writer in all of English literature, William Shakespeare was born in 1564 to a successful middle-class glove shaper in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. Shakespeare attended grammar school, only when his formal education proceeded no further. In 1582 he married an older woman, Anne Hathaway, and had three children with her. Around 1590 he left his family base and traveled to London to work as an actor and playwright. Public and critical acclaim quickly followed, and Shakespeare eventually became the most popular playwright in England and part-owner of the ground Theater. His career bridged the reigns of Elizabeth I (ruled 15581603) and James I (ruled 16031625), and he was a favorite of both monarchs. Indeed, James granted Shakespeares company the greatest possible encomium by bestowing upon its members the title of Kings Men. Wealthy and renowned, Shakespeare retired to Stratford and died in 1616 at the age of fifty-t wo. At the time of Shakespeares death, literary luminaries such as Ben Jonson hailed his workings as timeless.Shakespeares works were collected and printed in various editions in the century following his death, and by the early eighteenth century his reputation as the greatest poet ever to write in English was well established. The unprecedented admiration garnered by his works led to a fierce curiosity nigh Shakespeares life, but the dearth of biographical information has left many details of Shakespeares personal history shrouded in mystery. Some people seduce concluded from this fact and from Shakespeares modest education that Shakespeares plays were actually written by someone elseFrancis Bacon and the Earl of Oxford are the two most popular -candidatesbut the support for this claim is overwhelmingly circumstantial, and the theory is not taken seriously by many scholars.In the absence of credible evidence to the contrary, Shakespeare must be viewed as the author of the thirt y-seven plays and 154 sonnets that bear his name. The legacy of this body of work is immense. A number of Shakespeares plays seem to have transcended even the category of brilliance, enough so influential as to affect profoundly the course of Western literature and culture ever after.Scholars believe that Shakespeare wrote Antony and Cleopatra in 1606, immediately after Macbeth, and it is o... ... of love, makes it surd for him to hold this visible shape (IV.xv.14).Cleopatras Fleeing Ships The image of Cleopatras fleeing ships is presented twice in the play. Antony twice does battle with Caesar at sea, and both times his navy is betrayed by the queens retreat. The ships remind us of Cleopatras inconstancy and of the inconstancy of human character in the play. One cannot be sure of Cleopatras allegiance it is uncertain whether she flees out of fear or because she realizes it would be politically savvy to align herself with Caesar. Her fleeing ships are an effective symbol of her w avering and changeability.The Asps One of the most memorable symbols in the play comes in its final moments, as Cleopatra applies deadly snakes to her skin. The asps are a prop in the queens final and most kinglike performance. As she lifts one snake, then another to her breast, they become her children and she a common wet bind Dost thou not see my baby at my breast, / That sucks the nurse asleep? (V.ii.300301). The domestic nature of the image contributes to Cleopatras final metamorphosis, in death, into Antonys wife. She assures him, Husband, I come (V.ii.278).

The Effects of Alcoholism :: essays research papers

How many times have you heard about the consequences of alcoholism? Have you taken them into account? Alcoholism is one of the major problems in society. The effect of this disease are re everyy serious. Many people get used to drink alcohol, and they bathroom easily abuse, that is the problem. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the physical, psychological, and economical effects of alcoholism.The first effects of alcoholism are physical. These are the most important be apparent movement these can cause your death. For example, alcoholism causes cancer in the stomach, kidneys, and liver. Besides, alcohol alters the digestion of nutrients that the body needs to stay healthy. Alcoholism also causes loss of appetite and depression. There are other effects in the body like gastritis and cirrhosis of the liver. All these physical consequences could cause your death if you drink alcohol in mass quantities.The second effects caused by alcoholism are psychological. At the beginning, alcohol makes you feel relaxed, but if you drink it in excess, it increases anxiety and causes depression. It also causes family and legal problems, violence, changes of behavior, suicide, among others. Alcohol is very powerful and alters all your normal behaviors. The third effects of alcoholism are economic. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, drug abuse and dependence cost an estimated $98 billion. Alcohol is not cheap. If you drink two or three times in a week, it could cost you about $100 or more a week People do not think about the money and spend almost everything when they are drunk.In conclusion, the effects of alcoholism which are physical, psychological, and economic can cause many problems that affect your life in all aspects.